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LSF Structures

What does LSF structure mean?

The abbreviation LSF stands for Light Steel Frame, meaning cold-formed steel structures.

What is the material of LSF structures?

The material of LSF structures is steel coated with zinc (galvanized).

What kind of building is constructed with LSF?

Buildings constructed using the LSF method are essentially composed of a series of walls, roofs, and floors, with their main framework made of cold-formed steel profiles.

What are the advantages and features of LSF buildings?

1. Earthquake resistance
2. Fast construction
3. Saving materials and energy
4. LSF buildings are environmentally friendly
LSF buildings are the future of construction.

With which software is the LSF structure designed and produced?

The design and production of LSF structures are licensed by FrameCAD, and the structural design is carried out using FrameCAD's dedicated software.

Up to how many floors can be constructed with an LSF structure?

According to Bulletin 612 on light steel structures, buildings up to a height of 15 meters or 5 floors can be constructed solely with LSF structures, and buildings higher than five floors can be built using LSF along with an auxiliary structure.

What is the weight of an LSF structure per square meter?

The weight of the structure depends on the type of use, wall height, type of roof, number of rooms, or hall dimensions. However, it is typically around 25 to 32 kilograms per square meter, and generally considered approximately 30 kilograms per square meter.

What width and thickness are LSF structures usually produced with?

Depending on the type of plan and structural design, LSF structures are designed with a thickness starting from 1 millimeter and widths of 9 centimeters and 15 centimeters.

The weight of the structure depends on the type of use, wall height, roof type, number of rooms, or hall dimensions. However, it is typically around 25 to 32 kilograms per square meter, and generally considered approximately 30 kilograms per square meter.

Is the LSF structure resistant to earthquakes?

Yes, the LSF system is resistant to earthquakes up to 6 Richter. The Light Steel Frame (LSF) structural system is the most compatible building system for earthquake resistance, mainly due to its low structural weight. Since the most destructive factor in an earthquake is the building’s weight, LSF structures significantly reduce this risk. Additionally, they offer the advantage of minimizing debris and casualties caused by structural collapse.

What are the method and steps for constructing a building with an LSF structure?

The production method and construction process of such buildings are as follows:
Steel sheets are first shaped at the factory by machines into specific dimensions, sizes, and forms, and then assembled together. The panels produced in this way are transported to the construction site and, based on pre-designed plans, are assembled on a foundation tailored for this type of structure.
The formed skeleton is then covered with materials such as OSB boards, gypsum boards, cement boards, or other finishing materials like stone for the exterior façade or ceramic for flooring, and the remaining stages of building completion are carried out.

Can any type of building be constructed with LSF structures?

Yes, the LSF system has no limitations regarding the type of building. You can construct residential buildings, villas (single-story, duplex, and triplex), schools, sports halls, stadiums, livestock and poultry sheds, industrial warehouses, office buildings, commercial complexes, banks, restaurants, universities, and medical centers (hospitals, clinics, and medical complexes) using this system.

What materials are used in the LSF system?

Steel (galvanized) is used for the building’s framework; rock wool, fiberglass, OSB boards, polyethylene foam, vapor barrier foam, and similar materials are used for insulation. Cement boards, lightweight refractory bricks, composite panels, stone, and other materials are used for the building’s exterior façade. Gypsum panels, drywall, and similar materials are used for the building’s interior finishing.
It is important to note that in LSF structures, there are no limitations on using other types of building materials, and the materials mentioned above are simply the ones most commonly used in this system.

What is the initial covering of an LSF building?

The initial covering of the structure is created using OSB sheets or fiber cement boards, which are installed onto the panels.

What materials are used for the interior finishing of LSF structures?

LSF structures have no limitations in using materials for interior decoration. You can use wood, drywall (Knauf), Barrisol ceilings, plaster ceilings, prefabricated moldings, and more.

Are buildings constructed with LSF structures insulated against cold, heat, and humidity?

During the construction process, installers place rock wool insulation between the outer and inner wall layers. This prevents external heat during summer and cold air during winter from penetrating the inner walls, protecting the building against temperature changes in accordance with Section 19 of the National Building Regulations. In terms of moisture insulation, LSF buildings have the same waterproofing capabilities as conventional buildings.

How are installations carried out in LSF structures?

The installations are carried out in the space between the exterior and interior walls after the external covering is completed. This method increases the speed of execution and also makes future repairs very simple and easy to perform.

Can an LSF structure be constructed with both sloped and flat roofs?

Yes, LSF structures have no limitations regarding the type of roof, and you can choose either a sloped or flat roof as desired.

How are the connections in an LSF structure made?

Connections in LSF structures are made using self-drilling screws, roll bolts, and special nails. To connect LSF structures to steel structures (if necessary), special connectors are used, which are welded to the steel structure and bolted to the LSF structure.

Are LSF structures approved by the Engineering Organization and the Municipality?

Yes, this system has been used in Iran for over a decade and is supported by regulations 612 and 613 of the Engineering Organization. It is also the only structural system that can obtain permits from both the Engineering Organization and the Municipality for adding additional floors.

What is the approved structure by the Engineering Organization for adding additional floors (extra stories)?

The LSF structure is the approved system by the Engineering Organization for adding additional floors. This is because, besides having a very low weight, it also offers high construction speed, thus minimizing disturbance to neighboring properties. Additionally, it is resistant to wind, rain, and can withstand fire for up to 60 minutes.

Do LSF structures require a foundation?

The foundation required for constructing LSF light structures, due to their low weight compared to other structural systems, is proportionally lighter and smaller in volume. For building additional floors (extra stories), steel framing is needed, and for constructing gardens and villas, strip foundations or flat concrete foundations are used.

Can LSF structures be combined and constructed with concrete and steel structures?

Yes, LSF structures have no limitations in this regard. For buildings with more than five floors, as well as warehouses requiring overhead cranes and elevator shafts, auxiliary structures can be used, allowing LSF to be combined and constructed alongside other structural systems.

What is the difference in steel and concrete consumption in a similar plan?

Comparison of steel consumption in a similar plan (2 units on 3 floors, totaling 6 units) for constructing a 3-5 story building with a 100 square meter floor area was analyzed under the following variants:

First Variant:
Concrete structure with a simple moment frame system and a slab similar to joist-and-block:

Total cement consumption: 20.5 tons
Total steel consumption: 4 tons

Second Variant:
Steel structure with a hinged system and composite slab:

Total cement consumption: 11.5 tons
Total steel consumption: 5.8 tons

Third Variant:
Construction of an integrated light steel structure (LSF):

Total cement consumption: 2.5 tons
Total steel consumption: 2.8 tons

What is the position of the LSF system in industrial construction?

The main reason why LSF buildings have gained significant global popularity is the strength of this type of construction and its resistance to earthquakes. Due to the integration of their components and their lightweight nature, these buildings exhibit the most suitable behavior against seismic forces.

Can LSF structures be used for building partition walls?

Yes, LSF structures can be implemented in two ways.
The first method is the complete construction of the building using LSF structures, which also includes internal partitioning.
The second method is combining LSF with concrete and steel structures, where it is used as wall posts (wall frames), significantly contributing to the building’s lightweight design.

What is the main factor in light steel frame (LSF) structures?

The main factor in light steel frame (LSF) structures is thin-walled steel sections. Thin-walled steel sections are cold-formed metal profiles produced using thin steel sheets and shaped through the Roll Forming method.
The uniform thickness across the width of the sections and the use of Roll Forming technology ensure high-volume production with consistent and appropriate quality. Thin-walled steel sections are lightweight and easy to transport. Various parts of a building can be easily assembled using these sections, making the construction process with this system very fast.

What are the reasons for reduced steel consumption with cold-formed sections?

Superior mechanical properties compared to hot-rolled profiles
Minimal material waste during construction due to optimized industrial design
Type of steel used in LSF structures
High resistance to earthquakes due to excellent ductility and outstanding lightness alongside high strength
Enhancement of the mechanical capabilities of load-bearing sections
Replacing a few strong structural elements with many lighter ones
Enabling the actual use of dry construction methods in LSF systems

What are the reasons and requirements for using LSF light structures?

The annual housing demand is about 1.5 million residential units.
The annual production capacity is limited to 400,000–600,000 units.
Shortage of cement, steel, and skilled labor.
The risk of deadly earthquakes on the Iranian plateau.
Significant increase in the cost of traditional materials and labor wages.
Long construction times and tied-up capital.
Low quality of traditional buildings.
Rising energy costs.

How is material and energy saving achieved in LSF buildings?

Saving on material and energy consumption is another advantage of constructing buildings with the LSF method. The low volume and lightweight nature mean that less material is needed for construction, which translates to less energy required for material production. The lightness also significantly reduces the energy needed for transportation. During the construction and assembly phases, less energy is needed for moving and installing parts and materials. Additionally, after construction, during operation, due to the system’s adaptability to insulation materials, components, and techniques, heat exchange between the building’s interior and exterior is minimized, resulting in significant energy savings.

Why is an LSF building known as environmentally friendly?

All the materials used in this system are derived from natural elements. Steel and gypsum are elements that are naturally found in nature. Moreover, LSF structures are completely recyclable and reusable.

Why is LSF the building system of the future?

LSF is undoubtedly gaining a stronger position in the construction market day by day, as this type of building, compared to other standard methods, offers a much more affordable final cost. Overall, considering the new global conditions, including all environmental considerations, economic justifications, diverse climatic conditions, energy issues, the human resources needed for construction projects, and finally, the operation of buildings, the LSF method is recognized as one of the most suitable construction methods in the current global context. These factors clearly demonstrate the competitiveness of this construction system compared to others, with its adoption growing by nearly 100%, placing it at the forefront of construction methods worldwide.

How is quality control carried out in Ario Sanat Araz Company?

To ensure the quality of materials, continuous quality control is conducted in reputable laboratories under strict supervision. In the factory, after production is completed by the machine, the dimensions, sizes, and quality of the final product are further inspected and monitored using precise instruments for additional assurance.

How is the price of an LSF structure calculated?

The price of an LSF structure changes daily. To inquire about the price, you can contact Ario Sanat Araz Company at +98 912 889 9060.

CAD/CAM Structural Design

How are installations carried out in an LSF building using the CAD/CAM method?

Due to the pre-planned and integrated holes and passages for installations, the installation of mechanical systems and piping is carried out easily, and electrical wiring and installation are also executed just as quickly.

What is the construction speed of buildings using LSF structures with the CAD/CAM method?

Due to the lightweight nature of LSF buildings, the foundation can be completed with less material and in a shorter time.
Because of the pre-planned holes and passages for installations, the installation of mechanical systems and piping is easily carried out, and electrical wiring and installation are also executed just as quickly.

What is the role of the CAD/CAM system in quality control?

In the CAD/CAM system, the responsibility for quality control is assigned to the system itself, with the software and hardware designed in such a way that even the slightest error in the thickness of the sheets or the dimensions of the produced parts triggers an alarm.

How is the installation location of parts identified during assembly?

The installation location of each part is identified based on the lot number indicated on it, and the parts are connected to each other by skilled workers using self-drilling screws.
LSF is the building system of the future.

Under what conditions is assembly carried out at the factory?

If the construction site is close to the factory, the parts are assembled at the factory, and the panels are formed there.

What is the unique feature of the CAD/CAM system?

Passing same-width profiles through each other is a unique feature made possible only by utilizing the CAD/CAM system; it significantly increases the load-bearing capacity of the sections and ensures compliance with code requirements.

Why is the error rate in the CAD/CAM system close to zero?

In factory-based production using the CAD/CAM system, because all aspects are pre-planned and necessary measures are considered before each stage of execution, it is possible to maximize efficiency, increase speed, and improve quality.
Based on this, since the design and production of parts are carried out through advanced software, the error rate is minimized and approaches zero.

When are the parts ready for assembly?

After the cutting stage of the parts is completed, the manufactured pieces are ready for transfer and categorization to begin the assembly process. The parts are separated and categorized based on the codes engraved on them. It is now time to assemble the parts and construct the panels.

What role does the coding process play in quality control?

The coding and lot numbering process is one of the most important stages for executing the assembly of parts. At this stage, the system codes each part based on the given program, ensuring that the assembly of parts and construction of panels are carried out with complete accuracy, without errors, and at high speed.

What stages are carried out when the sheet enters the machine?

After entering the machine, the steel sheets are bent. Then, the punching operation is carried out, drilling the exact locations where connections will be made with screws, as well as creating openings for the passage of various installations and same-size profiles on the parts.
The drilling operation and the creation of dimples (indentations at the hole locations) are also performed by the machine.

What characteristics should the connecting sheets have?

It should be possible to produce sheets with a width of 50 to 500 millimeters and a thickness of 2 to 6 millimeters, and to create holes with a diameter of 10 to 25 millimeters at any point on them.

What are the general specifications of the Sigma profile?

The ability to remove the second stiffener (plus) from the profiles must be available.
It must be possible to create holes with a diameter of 10 to 25 millimeters at any point along the web and flange throughout the length of the profile.

What dimensions should the Sigma profile have?

End Tab Connection:

The width of the connection part (W) should be between 50 and 100 millimeters.
The length of the connection part should be at least 80% of the profile height.
The hole diameter (D) should range from 10 to 25 millimeters.
The distance between holes (S) should range from 30 to 75 millimeters.
The holes should be positioned horizontally in the center of the connection part's width (W).

What dimensions should the C profile have?

Dimensional specifications of the C profile:

Web height between 150 and 500 millimeters
Flange width from 50 to 150 millimeters
Flange stiffener length from 25 to 100 millimeters
Second stiffener (plus) length: 15 millimeters
Profile thickness from 2 to 6 millimeters

What are the required capabilities of a CNC machine?

There is no need for the existing machine to produce Z-shaped and U-shaped profiles.
The machine must be capable of producing C-shaped, C-shaped (likely referring to different sizes or types), and Sigma profiles, as well as connection plates.

On what materials are the CAD/CAM system designs applied?

After being transferred to the factory and placed into the machine, these sheets are guided into the CNC roll forming system.
The sized galvanized sheets used in this method are of the structural type with a grade of SGC350 or higher.

Where is the output of the computational detailer transferred by the CAD/CAM software?

The output of the computational detailer is transferred by the CAD/CAM software to the CNC lines.
Accordingly, all mechanical operations, including cutting, punching, and drilling holes required for the passage of mechanical and electrical installations, are anticipated.
In this way, all necessary commands are transmitted to the production lines.

What is the most important technical advantage of the structures produced by Ario Sanat Araz Company?

The CAD/CAM system is the most important technical advantage in the production of LSF structures at Ario Sanat Araz.

(If necessary) special connectors are used, which are welded to the metal structure and bolted to the LSF structure.

How is compliance with standards ensured using the CAD/CAM method?

This process is carried out based on the latest internationally recognized standards and with high precision.

How is the speed and accuracy of information transfer using the CAD/CAM method?

With the help of this capability, the speed and accuracy of information transfer to computational software are increased, resulting in the 3D modeling of the structure in the computational files being exactly aligned with the architectural drawings.

What are the factory production stages using the CAD/CAM method?

In this construction method, similar to other systems, the architectural drawings are first prepared by the architect in DWG format.
The computational software is capable of reading the architectural DWG files and using them as input for the computational files.

What does the CAD/CAM process system mean?

The CAD/CAM technology processes the received information intelligently, considering the overall integrity of the structure. It applies loads to the structure under real-world conditions and accordingly selects the sections in a way that ensures the best performance against the applied loads.
Based on this, all mechanical operations—including cutting, punching, and drilling for the passage of mechanical and electrical installations—are anticipated and automatically executed by the machine.
The CAD/CAM system is the most important technical advantage in the production of LSF structures at Ario Sanat Araz.

Modular Homes
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Modular Homes

For what purposes are modular homes recommended?

Industrial buildings that are cost-effective, with sufficient wall thickness, and resistant to cold and frost by more than 10 degrees. They are suitable for exhibitions, mobile and temporary offices for organizations, tool rooms, bathrooms, and storage spaces. Modular prefabricated buildings are designed and executed according to specific and general functional requirements, standards, customer demands, and financial capacity. Considering all minor and major differences, you can have a fully equipped building tailored to your needs and related parameters in the shortest possible time.

What are the standards of Ario Sanat Araz modular homes?

Despite the simple and low-cost appearance of the construction, our company's prefabricated buildings fully comply with the highest standards in this field, including fire safety, protection against accidents and injuries, and environmental cleanliness requirements. They are resistant to water and fire, and through time-saving measures and adaptability in organization and execution, they allow complex processes to be carried out with ease.

What are the advantages of modular homes?

Among the advantages of this design are its low cost, fast installation and setup compared to traditional buildings, and reduced relocation expenses. It is used for construction development in remote areas and major cities. For those starting a small business and aiming for expansion, it can serve as a great starting point.

How are modular homes in terms of cost?

Now that the economic situation in this country and around the world is not favorable, all attention is focused on utilizing practical business advancements with minimal costs without compromising quality. This leads to the construction of low-cost yet modern and flexible structures, such as modular prefabricated buildings.
LSF is the building method of the future.

How is the collaboration process for selling modular units with Ario Sanat Araz Company?

The projects completed by our company demonstrate the experience and resources necessary to carry out any type of design and execution. Our company provides full installation and setup services, technical support warranty, and free consultation. You can purchase ready-made modular buildings at low cost directly from the company or send your request via email. We would be delighted to have you as our customer and partner in profitability.

How are modular buildings offered?

We offer ready-made modular buildings as well as newly developed projects, tailored to individual needs, with architectural design considerations, ease of use, and reliable performance capabilities.

How are modular buildings offered for sale?

The sale of modular buildings at Ario Sanat Araz Company is carried out under mutually beneficial conditions. This approach enables us to continuously expand our customer base and business partnerships, and as a result of a new quality-driven approach to the contracting process, we increasingly become part of the portfolio of reliable suppliers and construction contractors each year.

What are the features of modular homes offered by Ario Sanat Araz Company?

Your home will be ready in just 1 day!
Design your dream house: aesthetics, safety, transportation, and installation anywhere you desire.

How is safety ensured in modular homes?

While modular structures use wooden materials and panels, the risk of fire has been minimized. They are built with steel frameworks that are integrated as a unified system and connected using bolts and nuts.

How are modular homes in terms of insulation and energy efficiency?

In all types of modular homes by Ario Sanat Araz Company, the region where the structure will be installed, along with its various climatic conditions, are taken into account during production. The structures are designed for maximum insulation and optimal energy efficiency.

How much is aesthetics considered in modular homes?

By combining technical infrastructure with architectural freedom, the structure is produced with a high level of aesthetics. Wooden materials such as wood veneer, sandwich panel combinations, and shading facades are used in their exterior design. Color selection is also flexible, allowing the use of preferred colors for the structure. Choices for walls, ceilings, and flooring materials are offered as interchangeable options for interior spaces. The standard design of bathroom and kitchen units, commonly used in modular homes, plays a significant role in determining the overall design.

Is it possible to relocate modular homes to another place?

Installing modular homes does not require a foundation; the house is placed on a flat surface through which only water connections pass. Modular homes are designed to be reused in different locations and for various purposes. This makes them an ideal, flawless solution for those whose work conditions change with geographic relocations.

How are modular homes transported and installed?

After assembling the modular units, which are produced in the factory in a short time, the modular homes are ready for living. You can install, remove, or add modular units whenever you wish. The transportation of the units is also easily carried out by truck to the desired location.

How long does it take to complete custom modular homes?

The production time for a modular home in the factory is one month, so for custom orders, the production period is approximately one month.

How many days does it take to complete modular homes with a standard design?

Ario Sanat Araz modular homes offer an opportunity to start living in a very short time, anywhere you desire. If you choose one of the three available standard types, the installation and setup period is between 1 to 5 days.

Are modular units also built in custom sizes?

In addition to the defined standard types, modular units can also be custom-made. New units can be added to the building both horizontally and vertically. Modular units can be constructed horizontally without any limit on the number, while vertically, they can be built up to three stories high.

What are the dimensions of the modular units?

Modular homes are produced in standard units with dimensions of 3×5.23 meters, 3×7.8 meters, and 3×10.2 meters. At Ario Sanat Araz Company, modular homes are prepared in three standard types. These homes are assembled using the standard units, with an exterior height of 2.8 meters and a net interior height of 2.5 meters.

How does a modular structure make life easier?

Since modular residential units are made from lightweight materials, they are highly resistant to earthquakes and have high fire resistance. Thanks to these features, modular units are suitable for various climatic and geographic conditions, making residential living much easier. Rapid construction, simple requirements, maximum durability and safety, quality comparable to European standards, easy transportation, and free planning are among the key advantages that distinguish Ario Sanat Araz from others.

(When necessary) special connectors are used, which are welded to the metal structure and bolted to the LSF structure.

How is the insulation of modular homes done?

Modular homes are composed of load-bearing walls built with metal frameworks. Thanks to the insulation integrated into these walls, they offer high resistance against temperature changes and sound. Insulation is also applied to the roof and floor.

Does Ario Sanat Araz produce modular structures?

Ario Sanat Araz offers customers beautiful designs, comfortable living, and modern, reliable solutions through its modular homes.

How expandable are modular units?

If the customer requests to add a new unit, the existing structure can be expanded both vertically and horizontally. In modular buildings, there is no limit to adding units horizontally, but vertically, they can only expand up to three stories.

What percentage of the modular unit construction process is carried out in the factory?

98% of the production process, which includes almost all stages, is carried out in the factory. Only steps like installation and flooring to integrate the units are completed on-site. Thanks to the machinery and technology used in the factory, quality control and production speed can be easily managed while minimizing errors.

How are the utilities of modular units designed?

Each unit has its own separate plumbing and electrical lines. Additionally, with access to a separate axis, any unexpected installation or operational issues can be easily removed or repaired.

How is the design of modular units carried out?

Since the dimensions of the windows are designed to maximize natural light and airflow inside the units, the interiors receive adequate lighting throughout the day and allow for smooth air circulation.

What are modular units?

Each unit is equipped with air conditioning systems and electric radiators. Their size and capacity can be determined based on the heating and cooling needs of the building. The cooling and heating devices can be installed within the units while considering the interior aesthetics of the building.

How are modular homes constructed?

They are constructed as complete units and placed side by side according to the required number.

What structure does the new generation of prefabricated buildings have?

This new generation of buildings, produced by Ario Sanat Araz, features a structural system composed of lightweight steel components. These structures incorporate thermal and sound insulation in the walls, roof, and floor. Modular buildings can be used for constructing homes, villas, hotels, healthcare centers, restrooms, and more.

What are modular structures?

The new generation of prefabricated structures—modular buildings—has been designed as a result of research, advancements, and developments in construction in recent years, based on aesthetics, comfort, modernity, and maximum safety for the residents.

OSB

Under what conditions is OSB produced?

OSB is produced under the following conditions:

Temperature of around 700°C for approximately 4 to 8 minutes;
Hot pressing with resin at about 204°C;
Hot press time ranging from 2.5 to 8 minutes;
OSB is resistant to insects, fungi, and moisture;
Certified according to the APA Health Certificate (1994).

Is OSB also used for flooring?

This material is used with a thickness of 3/8 to 8 inches for roofs and walls, and with a thickness of 19/32 inches to 1 inch for floor coverings.

What is the advantage of using OSB in LSF industrial buildings?

OSB sheets have a special place in LSF industrial building projects and prefabricated homes due to their lightweight, easy installation, strong adhesion to insulation materials and facade coatings, moisture resistance, and sound and thermal insulation properties.

What are the uses of OSB?

OSB is widely used for building applications such as floor coverings, wall coverings, roof coverings, and terraces, especially in LSF industrial buildings, and it plays an important role in reducing the overall weight of the structure.

LSF construction is the future of building.

What are the properties of the composite material that makes up OSB?

This composite material, with a density of 3.74, has identical properties in both longitudinal and transverse directions. It features excellent physical characteristics, including moisture resistance, resistance to fungi and insects, lightweight, and high strength.

What does OSB mean and how is it made?

(OSB) Oriented Strand Board is a type of wood composite material made by pressing rectangular wood strands with thicknesses of 0.5 mm, widths of 15–20 mm, and lengths of 70–100 mm under a pressure of 700 psi at a temperature of 400°F, along with moisture-resistant and waterproof binders, into 3/4M thick boards.

What are OSB sheets?

These sheets are made from oriented wood strands of specific dimensions, produced under controlled temperature and pressure. Their properties include being lightweight, strong, moisture-resistant, fungus-resistant, and reducing heat exchange between the interior and exterior spaces of a building.

Execution of residential, commercial, industrial, and villa projects using industrialized construction methods.

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